Formal Institutionalization of Military Rule: The 21st Amendment in Pakistan

Wolf, Siegfried O.

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Abstract

The first ‘regular’ transfer of power between two civilian governments in Pakistan manifested itself in the aftermath of the 2013 general elections. Many celebrated this shift as a positive sign of democratic consolidation. However, the appreciation of this allegedly ‘new democratic wave’ ignores the resilience of decade-old authoritarian, and anti-democratic patterns. The military still dominates all significant political decision-making processes. Furthermore, with the 21st constitutional amendment the soldiers were able to further entrench their formal role in the political-institutional setup. This seriously challenges the notions of civilian supremacy, which is unfortunate, since civilian control of the armed forces is a necessary constituent for democracy and democratic consolidation.

Document type: Working paper
Publisher: Durham University
Place of Publication: Durham
Date: 2015
Version: Secondary publication
Date Deposited: 30 Oct 2015
Number of Pages: 9
Faculties / Institutes: Miscellaneous > Individual person
DDC-classification: Political science
Controlled Keywords: Pakistan, Politik, Militär, Verfassungsänderung
Uncontrolled Keywords: Pakistan, Politisches System, Verfassungsänderung, Militär / Pakistan, Political System, Amendment, Military
Subject (classification): Politics
Law
Countries/Regions: Pakistan
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